A deficit year is not dramatic on its own. A run of deficit years is, because the gap has to be filled from inventory that was accumulated in earlier surpluses — and that inventory is finite and increasingly held by people who will not sell it at these prices.
Mine supply cannot answer quickly. Most silver is a by-product of copper, lead and zinc mining, so silver output is set by the economics of other metals, and a new primary mine takes the better part of a decade to permit and build.
Deficits do not announce themselves with a headline. They show up as tightening lease rates, longer delivery times, and premiums that stop behaving.
What to take from this chapter
- Consecutive deficits draw down finite above-ground stock.
- Silver supply is mostly a by-product; it cannot respond fast.
- Physical tightness appears in delivery and premiums first.
Keep reading
Read the due-diligence and financial-risks FAQ before acting on anything in this chapter.

